Daylight saving time in the United States begins on the second Sunday in March and ends on the first Sunday in November, both at 2:00 a.m. local time. The dates above are worked out from that rule rather than typed in, so the page never goes stale. Arizona and Hawaii sit it out entirely.
What actually happens at 2 a.m.
In March the clock jumps from 01:59 to 03:00, so that hour never exists — which is why alarms and scheduled jobs set for 02:30 misbehave once a year. In November 01:59 is followed by 01:00 again, so that hour happens twice. Because the change is at 2:00 a.m. local, it rolls across the country zone by zone rather than all at once.
The rule has changed before
The current dates come from the Energy Policy Act of 2005, which extended the period from 2007. Before that it ran from April to October. Proposals to make daylight saving permanent surface regularly without passing — see when daylight saving starts and ends.